Abstract: Zearalenone（ZEA）is one of the mycotoxins posing a severe threat to poultry health and human food safety. By binding to estrogen receptors（ER），it abnormally activates downstream signaling pathways，causing reproductive toxicity，hepatic and renal dysfunction，oxidative stress，and inflammatory damage in laying hens. It also disrupts intestinal calcium transporter expression，impairing bone calcium metabolism and eggshell quality in laying hens. Current ZEA control strategies centre on nutritional regulation and biodegradation. Nutritional regulation relies on antioxidants，vitamins，trace elements，and plant?derived bioactive compounds to mitigate toxin effects through antioxidant，anti?inflammatory，anti?apoptotic actions，and tissue barrier repair. Biodegradation employs microbial adsorption，specific degrading bacteria，and degradative enzymes to disrupt toxin structures and reduce toxicity. This article systematically reviews ZEA sources，metabolic pathways，avian toxicity characteristics，and advances in mainstream control technologies. It analyses existing research limitations to provide guidance for efficient ZEA contamination management，ensuring healthy poultry farming and food safety.

Key words: Zearalenone；laying hens；Nutritional regulation；Biodegradation

摘要： 玉米赤霉烯酮（ZEA）是严重威胁家禽健康与人类食品安全的霉菌毒素之一，可通过结合雌激素受体（ER）介导下游信号通路异常激活，对蛋鸡造成生殖毒性、肝肾功能损伤、氧化应激与炎症损伤等多种毒性作用，还会干扰肠道钙转运蛋白表达，破坏蛋鸡骨钙代谢与蛋壳品质。当前ZEA防控以营养调控和生物降解为核心方向。营养调控依托抗氧化型维生素、微量元素、植物源性活性物质等，通过抗氧化、抗炎、抗凋亡、修复组织屏障缓解毒素毒性。生物降解则通过微生物吸附、特异性降解菌与降解酶，破坏毒素结构降低毒性。该文系统梳理ZEA来源、代谢、家禽毒性特征及主流防控技术进展，分析现有研究局限，为ZEA污染高效防控、保障蛋鸡健康养殖与食品安全提供参考。

关键词: 玉米赤霉烯酮；蛋鸡；营养调控；生物降解