Eastern equine encephalitis（EEE）is a zoonotic disease caused by the Eastern equine encephalitis virus（EEEV） and primarily transmitted through arthropod vectors. The infection can cause severe neurological diseases and mortality in horses，humans，and other vertebrates，posing a serious threat to both the equine industry and public health. In recent years，cases of EEEV infection have been reported in multiple regions worldwide， highlighting the need for enhanced epidemic prevention and control. Although vaccination remains a key preventive strategy，no licensed vaccine is currently available. This paper reviews recent research directions and progress in EEEV vaccine development，aiming to provide references for future vaccine research and disease control efforts.

In order to develop a credible dual fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction（qPCR）for detecting novel goose astrovirus type 1（NGAstV⁃1）and type 2（NGAstV⁃2），primers were designed to establish a dual fluorescence qPCR detection method using ORF2 protein of NGAstV⁃1 and NGAstV⁃2，and 36 samples of goose liver and kidney tissue suspected to be infected with NGAstV⁃1 and NGAstV⁃2 were evaluated in this study. The test results showed that the correlation coefficients of qPCR were 0.997 and were negative for novel duck reovirus （NDRV），avian influenza virus（AIV），fowl adenovirus（FAdV），and goose parvovirus（GPV）. The minimum detection limit was 1.12 × 101 copies/μL. The reproducibility test results indicate good reproducibility，with a coefficient of variation between groups of less than 0.8% and a coefficient of variation within groups of less than 0.5%. It can be seen that the qPCR can efficiently and specifically detect NGAstV⁃1 and NGAstV⁃2，providing a feasible method for NGAstV monitoring.

The Goose reovirus（GRV）comprises two distinct types：the classic（GRV）and the novel goose reovirus （NGRV）. These two types exhibit differences in their epidemiological characteristics and viral gene sequences. The lack of sensitive and specific assays for both types of viruses has resulted in difficulties in accurately diagnosing and timely intervening in cases. In order to distinguish GRV from NGRV，a dual RT⁃qPCR assay based on a dye ⁃ based method（SYBR Green I）was established. The results demonstrated that the method was capable of distinguishing GRV（79.5℃） and NGRV（86.5℃） based on their respective melting curves. Furthermore，no amplification was observed for any of the common waterfowl epidemics，the lowest detections were 6.466×101 copies/ μL GRV and 4.979 × 101 copies/μL NGRV. The results demonstrated that the dual RT⁃qPCR assay，based on a dye⁃ based method，could rapidly and accurately identify different types of GRVs in infected geese. The assay exhibited a high degree of precision，with coefficients of variation less than 0.55% for both intra⁃ and intergroups. This method has the potential to support early diagnosis，epidemiological monitoring and effective prevention and control of the disease.