Abstract: Throughout the long history of co⁃evolution with humans，dogs have developed a superior ability in the understanding and utilization of social signals within human society compared to other animals. While there has been considerable foreign research on dog social behavior and cognition and the human⁃dog relationship，this area of study is relatively new in China. This review summarizes the research progress on dog social cognitive abilities in human⁃dog interactions，focusing on the understanding and use of human social signals by dogs，their ability to send social signals to humans，and factors that influence dog social abilities with humans（i.e.，environmental，physiological，and genetic factors）. Currently，human understanding of dog social behavior is inadequate，with most research confined to laboratory settings and having limited practical application. Further research could provide scientific evidence for improving dog social behavior and human⁃dog interactions，fostering a more harmonious relationship between humans and dogs.

Key words: Canine, Human?dog relationship, Social behavior, Attachment

摘要： 在与人共同进化的漫长历史过程中，犬发展出了优于其他动物的理解和运用人类社会交流信号的能力。目前，国际上已有不少关于犬的社会行为认知及人犬关系的研究，但相关研究在国内属于较新颖的领域。该文章综述了人犬社交中关于犬的社会认知能力的研究进展，集中阐述犬对人的社会信号的理解和利用、犬对人发出社交信号的能力和影响犬亲人社会能力的因素（如环境、生理和遗传因素）。目前而言，人类对犬社会行为的认识和理解并不充分，研究多限于实验室环境且在实际中的应用较少，未来进一步的研究能为改善犬的社会行为和人犬互动，建立更和谐的人犬关系提供科学依据。

关键词: 犬, 人犬关系, 社交行为, 依恋关系