Abstract: The review provides a systematic compilation of key preparation techniques，evaluation criteria，and their applications and limitations in ophthalmic research in animal models of corneal defects. By simulating human corneal epithelial injury in animal corneas by means of physical scraping or chemical burns，these models are essential for unraveling the mechanisms of corneal repair，screening drugs and developing new therapies. Despite the structural differences between animal and human corneas and the challenges of model reproducibility，models can be effectively evaluated by fluorescein staining，slit lamp microscopy，and anterior eye segment OCT. Further research shall be devoted to improving the clinical utility of the model and translating the findings into clinical applications to improve the outcomes of patients with keratoconus，thereby improving the quality of life of the patients.

Key words: Corneal Defects, Animal Models, Chemical Burns

摘要： 该综述系统地梳理了角膜缺损动物模型的关键制备技术、评估标准及其在眼科研究中的应用与局限。通过物理刮除或化学烧伤等手段在动物角膜上模拟人类角膜上皮损伤，这些模型对于揭示角膜修复机制、筛选药物和开发新疗法至关重要。尽管存在动物与人角膜结构差异及模型重现性的挑战，但通过荧光素染色、裂隙灯显微镜检查和眼前节OCT等方法可以有效地评估模型。未来的研究将致力于提升模型的临床相关性，并将研究成果转化为提高角膜疾病患者治疗效果的临床应用，以期提升患者的生活质量。

关键词: 角膜缺损, 动物模型, 化学烧伤