Abstract: This study aimed to investigate the effects of liquid fermented feed from poultry meat and bone meal （PFMB）on antioxidant capacity and intestinal microbiota of indigenous improved sows. A total of 80 multiparous Ternary Black sows（3–6 parities）with similar body weight，consistent genetic background，and good health status were randomly assigned to two groups with 40 replicates per group and one sow per replicate. The experiment started on day 90 of gestation and ended on day 25 of lactation. The control group was fed a basal diet. During gestation，the experimental group received the basal gestation diet supplemented with fermented liquid feed（the ratio of fermented poultry meat and bone meal liquid feed to the basal gestation diet was 3.5：6.5）. During lactation，the experimental group received the basal lactation diet supplemented with fermented liquid feed（the ratio of fermented poultry meat and bone meal liquid feed to the basal lactation diet was 5：5）. The results showed that on day 25 of lactation，serum superoxide dismutase（SOD）activity in the experimental group tended to increase compared with the control group（P= 0.080）. Glutathione peroxidase（GSH?Px）activity in colostrum was significantly higher（P<0.05），and SOD activity in milk was significantly increased（P<0.05），while total antioxidant capacity showed an increasing trend（P=0.059） in the experimental group compared with the control group. Microbiome analysis revealed no significant effect on the α? diversity of the gut microbiota between the two groups；however，β?diversity analysis indicated a clear difference in community structure between the two groups. Compared with the control group，the relative abundances of beneficial bacteria such as Bacteroidota，Muribaculaceae，Desulfovibrio，and Anaeruncus_sp_AT3 in the gut microbiota of sows in the experimental group were significantly upregulated（P<0.05）. In conclusion，liquid fermented feed from poultry meat and bone meal can effectively improve the antioxidant capacity of blood and milk，as well as optimize the gut microbial structure of indigenous improved sows，demonstrating good application potential for the high ? value utilization of poultry slaughter by?products and the health regulation of sows.

Key words: Poultry meat and bone meal fermented liquid feed；Lactating sows；Antioxidant indices；Intestinal microbiota

摘要： 该研究旨在探究禽类肉骨泥发酵液态饲料对本土改良型母猪机体抗氧化和肠道菌 群的影响。该研究选取体重相近、遗传背景一致且健康状况良好的二元经产母猪（3－6胎，陆 川猪×杜洛克猪）80 头，随机分为2 组，每组40 个重复，每个重复1头。试验从妊娠期90 d开 始至泌乳期25 d结束。对照组饲喂基础饲粮，妊娠期试验组在妊娠基础饲粮中额外补充发酵 液态饲料（禽类肉骨泥发酵液态饲料与基础饲粮比例为3.5∶6.5），泌乳期试验组在泌乳基础饲 粮中额外补充发酵液态饲料（禽类肉骨泥发酵液态饲料与基础饲粮比例为5∶5）。结果显示，哺 乳期25 d，与对照组相比，试验组母猪血清超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性有增加趋势（P= 0.080）。母猪初乳中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH?Px）活性显著高于对照组（P<0.05），常乳中 SOD活性显著升高（P<0.05），总抗氧化能力有增加的趋势（P=0.059）。微生物组学结果显示， 母猪肠道微生物α 多样性两组之间无显著影响，但β 多样性分析显示两组之间存在较明显的 群落结构差异。与对照组相比，试验组母猪肠道菌群Bacteroidota、Muribaculaceae、 Desulfovibrio、Anaeruncus_sp_AT3 等功能菌群相对丰度均显著上调（P<0.05）。综上所述，禽类肉 骨泥发酵液态饲料可有效改善本土改良型母猪血液和乳汁抗氧化能力、优化母猪肠道微生物 结构，对实现禽类屠宰副产物的高值化利用和母猪机体健康调控具有良好的应用潜力。

关键词: 禽类肉骨泥液态发酵饲料；哺乳母猪；抗氧化指标；肠道微生物