Gardenia jasminoides，as a functional feed ingredient，is rich in conventional nutritional components， including carbohydrates，proteins，minerals，and fatty acids，as well as bioactive compounds such as iridoids， carotenoids，and polysaccharides. Studies have shown that dietary supplementation with gardenia or its extracts can improve animal growth performance，enhance the quality of meat and eggs，and strengthen antioxidant capacity and immune function. This review summarizes the conventional and bioactive constituents of gardenia and their applications in animal production，providing a reference for further development and utilization of this resource in sustainable and healthy animal husbandry.

To reduce feed costs，improve the breeding efficiency of sows，and promote sustainable development in the pig industry，this study investigated the effects of varying valine to lysine（Val/Lys） ratios in low⁃protein diets on the immune function of sows and the microbiota in their milk. Sixty sows with similar body conditions and mating times（fourth parity Landrace × Large White）were selected as the experimental subjects. The minimum nutritional requirements for lactating sows per NRC standards were used as the standard for low⁃protein diets. The sows were randomly divided into six groups：a normal protein group（17% CP，Val/Lys = 0.87）and five low⁃protein diet groups （14.3% CP，Val/Lys ratios of 0.64，0.74，0.84，0.94，and 1.04）. Each sow was accompanied by 12 piglets，and the experiment lasted from the first day of lactation to the 21st day of weaning，a total of 21 days. The results showed that low⁃protein diets without additional valine decreased（ P<0.05）the abundance of the B⁃cell marker CD11b in the mammary glands of sows，while increasing the Val/Lys ratio in low⁃protein diets increased（ P<0.05）the abundance of CD11b in the mammary glands. Low⁃protein diets without additional valine decreased（ P<0.05）the concentration of SIgA in colostrum，while increasing the Val/Lys ratio in low⁃protein diets increased（ P<0.05）the concentration of SIgA in colostrum. Low ⁃ protein diets without additional valine significantly decreased （ P<0.05） the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes， Fusobacteria， and Acidobacteria at the phylum level and Fusobacterium and Staphylococcus at the genus level in the milk microbiota of lactating sows，while increasing the Val/Lys ratio in low⁃ protein diets increased the relative abundance of these microbiotas. In conclusion，low⁃protein diets without additional valine impair the cytokine and microbial diversity of sows，and increasing the Val/Lys ratio in low⁃protein diets can mitigate these negative effects and help maintain the production performance of sows.

Climate change directly or indirectly affects the health of livestock and poultry，leading to challenges such as heat stress，metabolic disorders，oxidative stress，and immunosuppression，which pose significant threats to the development of the livestock industry. Pogostemon cablin，commonly known as Patchouli，is a traditional Chinese herb known for its anti⁃inflammatory，antioxidant，and antidiarrheal properties. When used as a feed additive，either alone or in combination with other herbal formulations，it has been shown to alleviate heat stress in livestock and poultry， promote gastrointestinal health， and enhance antioxidant capacity to varying degrees. This article systematically reviews the physicochemical properties of Pogostemon cablin and its compound preparation，as well as their applications in livestock production. The findings aim to provide a reference for further promoting the use of Pogostemon cablin in animal production systems.

Wheat is the second largest food crop in the world，ranking third in China. The crude protein and crude fiber content of wheat bran produced by its by⁃product processing is higher，and the available energy value is slightly lower than that of corn，which is one of the important energy feed raw materials. However，due to the different sources，processing methods and anti⁃nutrition factors，the nutritional value of wheat bran is very different，which restricts its feeding value. Therefore，this paper mainly reviewed the differences of nutritional components of different wheat bran，the available energy and amino acid digestibility of pigs and their applications in pig production.

Intestinal barrier is an important basis for animals to maintain homeostasis. Many factors can destroy the integrity of intestinal barrier，leading to bacterial and viral invasion and systemic diseases. Bile acid，as an important component of bile，is synthesized from the liver with cholesterol as raw material and can be discharged into the digestive tract together with bile under the stimulation of exogenous food and related hormones. Bile acids not only emulsify fat，promote intestinal absorption of lipid，regulate liver function，increase energy consumption and other functions，but also play an important role in maintaining intestinal homeostasis. Bile acid receptor are distribution inthe animal internal organs in the body，after bile acid or bile acid analogues activation play a physiological role， and play a role in different organs of mechanism is different，in the intestinal tract，mainly through the bile acid and bile acid receptor and intestinal flora in regulating intestinal steady state，the three interactions，and checks and balances. This review focuses on the roles and mechanisms of bile acids and their receptors in intestinal barrier homeostasis.

In 2021，swine production capacity has been fully restored and continues to fluctuate at a low level， while the supply of feed raw materials is insufficient and the price rises a lot，which has brought unprecedented pressure to the swine industry. This paper summarizes the current situation of swine nutrition and feed science， analyzes the development trends in 2022，and puts forward relevant suggestions in this field from the perspective of scientific research.