High?throughput sequencing（HTS）has been increasingly applied in animal disease diagnosis and molecular epidemiological investigations in recent years. In intensive swine production systems，clinical syndromes such as respiratory disease，diarrhea，and reproductive disorders are often associated with multiple co ? infecting pathogens，making comprehensive pathogen identification difficult using conventional targeted diagnostic assays. By enabling large ? scale parallel sequencing of nucleic acids in clinical samples，HTS allows unbiased detection of pathogens and provides high ? resolution genomic information. This capability offers significant advantages for the discovery of emerging pathogens，characterization of mixed infections，analysis of viral genetic variation，and epidemiological source tracing. In this review，we summarize recent advances in the application of HTS technologies for viral detection in swine diseases. Particular attention is given to three major sequencing strategies—Whole?Genome Sequencing（WGS），Metagenomic Next?Generation Sequencing（mNGS），and Targeted Next?Generation Sequencing （tNGS）—and their applications in the detection of major swine viruses. In addition，the potential of HTS for swine disease surveillance and precision disease control is discussed.