Abstract: Mycoplasmal pneumonia of swine （MPS） is a chronic，wasting infectious disease caused by Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae（Mhp），characterized mainly by coughing and dyspnea. It is also known as swine enzootic pneumonia（EP）or swine chronic respiratory disease. With the intensification of large?scale farming，the infection rate of this disease in domestic pig farms remains high. Although Mhp infection has a low mortality rate，it can increase the culling rate of infected pigs，raise the feed?to?meat ratio，reduce daily weight gain，slow growth，and extend the time to market for finishing pigs，severely undermining the economic efficiency of swine herds. Conventional preventive and control measures for Mhp include vaccination and antibiotic treatment. However，the immune evasion mechanisms formed by Mhp after invading the host，secondary infections，and antibiotic resistance significantly diminish the effectiveness of both Vaccination and antibiotic therapy，making it difficult to eradicate Mhp once it enters a pig herd.To address this challenge，this paper discusses the current status of Mhp infection and control from four aspects：the harmful effects of Mhp，its pathogenic mechanisms，epidemiology，and preventive measures，with the aim of providing a reference for the control of this disease.

Key words: Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Vaccine immunization, Eradication

摘要： 猪支原体肺炎（Mycoplasmal pneumonia of swine，MPS）是由猪肺炎支原体 （Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae，Mhp）引起的一种以咳嗽、气喘为主要症状的慢性、消耗性传染性 疾病，又称为猪喘气病或猪地方流行性肺炎（Enzootic pneumoniae，EP）。随着集约化养殖规模 加剧，该病在国内猪场感染率居高不下，Mhp感染后虽然致死率低，但会造成感染猪只死淘率 和料肉比升高、日增重降低、生长速度减慢、延长育肥猪出栏时间，严重降低猪群的经济效益。 用于Mhp的常规防控措施包含疫苗免疫和抗生素治疗两种措施，Mhp入侵宿主后形成的免疫 逃避机制、继发感染及抗生素的耐药性使得疫苗免疫和抗生素治疗效果大打折扣，导致Mhp一 旦进入猪群很难难清除。针对该防控难点，该文从Mhp的危害、致病机制、流行病学特点及防 控措施四个方面对Mhp感染及防控现状做一综述，以期为该病的防控提供参考依据。

关键词: 猪肺炎支原体, 流行情况, 发病机制, 疫苗免疫, 净化