Abstract: The pig breeding industry serves as a critical foundation for ensuring a stable supply of pork， enhancing the core competitiveness of the industry，and promoting the high?quality development of animal husbandry. With the advancement of technologies such as genomic selection，marker?assisted selection，genome?wide association studies，and intelligent phenotyping，pig breeding is gradually transitioning from traditional phenotype?based selection and pedigree?based breeding toward genomic breeding，intelligent breeding，and whole?industry?chain collaborative breeding. This review systematically outlines the developmental trajectory and core elements of pig breeding technologies，analyzes the construction logic of a modern seed industry system and the synergistic development trends among core breeding populations，multiplication systems，and commercial pig production. It further explores the major challenges faced by China’s pig breeding industry in areas such as independent innovation of core germplasm resources，collection of high?quality phenotypic data，joint breeding mechanisms，disease resistance selection，and the utilization of local pig breeds. Prospects for strategic directions and technological breakthroughs toward 2035 are also discussed. This review aims to provide theoretical references and practical guidance for the high ? quality development of the pig seed industry.

Key words: Swine breeding, Modern seed industry, Genomic selection, Collaborative breeding, High-quality development

摘要： 生猪种业是保障猪肉稳定供给、提升产业核心竞争力和推动畜牧业高质量发展的关键基础。随着基因组选择、分子标记辅助选择、全基因组关联分析和智能化表型测定等技术的发展，生猪育种正在由传统表型选择和系谱育种，逐步向基因组育种、智能育种和全产业链协同育种转型。该文围绕生猪现代育种技术创新与种业体系高质量发展路径，系统梳理生猪育种技术发展历程与核心要素，分析现代种业体系构建逻辑及核心育种群、扩繁体系、商品猪生产端协同发展的趋势，探讨中国生猪育种在核心种源自主创新、高质量表型数据采集、联合育种机制、疾病抗性选育和地方猪种资源开发利用等方面面临的主要挑战，并展望面向2035年的育种战略方向与技术突破。该文旨在为生猪种业高质量发展提供理论参考和实践指导。

关键词: 生猪育种, 现代种业, 基因组选择, 联合育种, 高质量发展