关键词: 寒旱区；中小养殖户；肉羊育肥；技术集成；杂交选育

Abstract: In response to the problems of mixed breeds，crude dietary formulation，chaotic immunization protocols，and low standardization in management faced by small and medium?scale sheep farmers in the cold and arid region of Longxi County，and the insufficient adaptation of existing technical standards to the actual needs of these farmers，this study integrated five core technologies——crossbreeding and selection，three?stage precise nutritional regulation， programmed preventive healthcare， shed ? feeding environmental control， and lightweight digital management——to establish a standardized fattening model. Five groups were set up：Group A（Dorper♂ × Small? tailed Han♀ F1，i.e.，Dorper×Small?tailed Han F1），Group B（Dorper♂ × Hu♀ F1），Group C（Suffolk♂ × Small? tailed Han♀ F1），Group D（Suffolk♂ × Hu♀ F1），and Group E（Small?tailed Han purebred as control），with 10 weaned male lambs in each group，for a 90?day fattening trial. The results showed that the Dorper×Small?tailed Han F1 cross achieved an average daily gain（ADG）of 312 g/d，a feed?to?gain ratio（F/G）of 5.18：1，and a net profit of 798 CNY per head，generating an additional income of 163 CNY compared with the control group；the Suffolk×Small? tailed Han F1cross achieved an ADG of 296 g/d，an F/G of 5.45：1，and a net profit of 768 CNY per head，generating an additional income of 133 CNY. The morbidity rates of both crossbred groups were 10% ，lower than the 30% observed in the control group. This model，through the synergy of whole?chain technological integration and lightweight digital management，effectively lowers the operational threshold for standardized farming and provides a reference for the upgrading of the mutton sheep industry for small and medium?scale farmers in similar cold and arid regions of Northwest China.

Key words: Cold and arid region；Small and medium?scale farmers；Sheep fattening；Technological integration；Crossbreeding and selection