Abstract: Bovine serum is one of the main raw materials used in cell culture and vaccine production，with bovine viral diarrhea virus（BVDV）and border disease virus（BDV）being common contaminants. As both BVDV and BDV are pathogenic to pigs，the use of contaminated bovine serum in the production of swine vaccines may lead to severe consequences. Therefore，the detection of BVDV and BDV in bovine serum is of critical importance for swine vaccine manufacturers. To investigate the prevalence of these viruses in bovine serum，this study employed RT?PCR to analyze 3 477 bovine serum samples submitted between March 2021 and 2025 for the presence of BVDV and BDV. The results showed that among the tested samples，the positive rate was 3.31% for BVDV and11.79% for BDV，with a mixed positive rate of 0.20%. The highest BVDV positive rate（10.07%）was observed in 2023，while BDV positive rates were notably higher in 2021（8.45%）and 2025（43.77%）. This study provides valuable data for the screening of bovine viral diarrhea virus and border disease virus in bovine serum.

Key words: Bovine serum；Bovine viral diarrhea virus；Border disease virus

摘要： 牛血清是细胞培养及疫苗生产的主要原材料之一，而牛病毒性腹泻病毒（bovine viral diarrhea virus，BVDV）和羊边界病毒（border disease virus，BDV）是牛血清中常见的污染 物。鉴于BVDV和BDV均对猪具有致病性，被其污染的牛血清一旦用于猪用疫苗的生产，可 能导致严重后果，因此对牛血清中BVDV和BDV进行检测是猪用疫苗生产企业的一项重要工 作。为掌握牛血清中BVDV和BDV的携带状况，该研究采用RT?PCR方法对2021年3月―2025 年送检的3 477份牛血清进行了BVDV、BDV带毒情况的检测分析。结果显示，3 477份牛血清 样品中，BVDV阳性率为3.31%，BDV阳性率为11.79%。BVDV/BDV混合阳性率为0.20%；2021 年3月―2025年之间，2023年的BVDV 阳性率最高，为10.07%；2021年和2025年的BDV 阳性 率较高，分别为8.45%和43.77%。该研究为牛血清中牛病毒性腹泻病毒和羊边界病病毒的筛 选积累了资料。

关键词: 牛血清；牛病毒性腹泻病毒；羊边界病毒