Abstract: As functional agents that modulate intestinal microecology，probiotics are increasingly utilized in the health management of companion animals. Existing studies have demonstrated that probiotics can ameliorate gastrointestinal health，regulate lipid metabolism，and strengthen immune function in dogs and cats. Moreover， probiotics exert promising effects on gut–brain axis?mediated behavioral modulation and display synergistic activities with dietary fiber and other nutrients.This article systematically reviews the strain characteristics， functional mechanisms，and updated application progress of probiotics commonly used in canine and feline health management.It further summarizes and analyzes the major challenges limiting clinical application of probiotics，including strain specificity，insufficient processing stability，and inter?individual host variability. Future research should prioritize the development of personalized probiotic formulations，the optimization of combined therapeutic strategies，and the innovation of delivery technologies，so as to advance the precise application of probiotics in companion animal health.

Key words: Probiotics；Canine；Feline；Intestinal microecology；Pet health

摘要： 益生菌作为调节肠道微生态的功能性制剂，在伴侣动物健康管理中应用日益广泛。研究表明，益生菌能改善犬猫胃肠道健康、调节脂质代谢、增强免疫，并在肠?脑轴介导的行为调节中展现潜力，与膳食纤维等营养素具有协同效果。该文系统综述了犬猫常用益生菌的菌株特性、作用机制与应用进展。总结并剖析了益生菌在临床应用中面临的菌株特异性、加工稳定性及个体差异等挑战。未来应着力发展个性化制剂、优化联合疗法及创新递送技术，以推动益生菌在宠物健康领域的精准应用。

关键词: 益生菌；犬；猫；肠道微生态；宠物健康